Understanding Lead Poisoning: What Buyers and Sellers Need to Know

Lead poisoning is a serious health concern that affects both children and adults, often with long-term and irreversible consequences. It’s especially relevant when buying or selling older homes—particularly those built before 1978.

Health Risks of Lead Exposure

In Children: Lead is especially harmful to young children. Even low levels of exposure can lead to:

• Brain and nervous system damage
• Learning and behavioral issues
• Slowed growth and development
• Hearing problems

In Adults: Lead poisoning can also have serious effects on adults, including:

• High blood pressure and cardiovascular issues
• Digestive and reproductive problems
• Muscle and joint pain
• Memory and concentration difficulties
• Nerve disorders

Why Older Homes Are at Higher Risk

In many older urban areas, lead is often found in:

• Peeling or deteriorating paint used before 1978
• Water pipes and plumbing systems
• Soil and dust contaminated by past vehicle emissions or industrial activity

Cities with a high number of pre-1978 homes face greater challenges due to the widespread presence of lead in building materials and infrastructure. Although federal programs have been implemented to reduce exposure, fully eliminating the risk remains difficult and costly.

What Home Buyers and Sellers Should Know

For Sellers:

• Federal law requires disclosure of any known lead-based paint or lead hazards in homes built before 1978.
• Sellers must provide buyers with an EPA-approved lead hazard information pamphlet.
• A lead-based paint disclosure form must be included in the sales contract.

For Buyers:

• You have up to 10 days to conduct a lead inspection or risk assessment before closing.
• If lead hazards are found, buyers often negotiate for remediation or repair before completing the sale.

Final Thought

Whether you're buying or selling, understanding the risks of lead exposure and complying with federal regulations is essential. Addressing lead hazards upfront protects health, ensures legal compliance, and helps avoid surprises during the transaction process.